There are a variety of different graphics used in any video production. From a simple logo, to score bug pulling data directly from a scoreboard, to a full page graphic, nearly every video produced today uses tens if not hundreds of graphics to add factoids and other pertinent information to the show. The machines that produce these images are known as Character Generators. There are several different makes and models that are used in the broadcast industry, such as Chyron, Xpression, and VizRT among others, but they all do the same basic thing. They generate customized graphical overlays to make your show better. Below is a brief list of different types of graphics, listed by name, as well as a few examples. Obviously this list is not comprehensive, as the only limit to what graphics can be created is your imagination.
Billboard – An element of the show, typically inserted through a graphic over a scenic or other beauty shot with an accompanying ad read from the on air talent. Often the logo of a sponsor.
Full screen – A graphic that covers the bulk of the screen. Typically used to show more information such as detailed stats, a bracket, a chart, or other visually dense material.
Locator – A small graphic that displays the location where a broadcast is coming from.
Lower third – A graphic that covers the bottom of the screen, usually a person’s name and title.
Intruder or violator – A graphic that is inserted over the broadcast to advertise a typically unrelated show or product. Often times used to tell the viewer what is coming up next without interrupting the show they are watching.
Scorebug or Bug – Also referred to as the Scorestripe of Foxbox, it is the graphic that displays the score and time remaining in a game.
Slab – A graphic that covers either the left or right third of the screen. Can be used to show a list, lineup, roster, or give detailed information on one subject while still allowing moving video to be seen.
Title card – A graphic that gives the main information about a show, such as the matchup info for a football game or the title of a news broadcast.
Tombstone – A small pop up that usually appears from the bottom of the screen that gives a short list or factoid.
Watermark or Chip – A graphic that appears in one corner of the screen, sometimes partially transparent. Often used for network branding, social media, or sponsored logos.
Written by: Victor Presley
Victor has been working in the broadcast industry since 2005. He has been in the engineering department since 2010, and has been Classic Teleproductions’ Chief Engineer since 2013.